Revenue Sources

Fernando Martins De Bulhão Publishing (FMDB) is an independent scholarly publisher that operates under a transparent and sustainable publishing model. FMDB does not receive routine financial support from governments, commercial organizations, or external funding agencies.

The publisher's primary source of revenue is Article Processing Charges (APCs) paid only for manuscripts that have successfully completed peer review and have been accepted for publication. APC revenue is used exclusively to support the operation and continuous development of the publishing platform, including:

• Editorial management and manuscript processing 
• Double-blind peer review administration 
• Production, copyediting, typesetting, and online publication 
• DOI registration through Crossref 
• Website development, maintenance, and cybersecurity 
• Long-term digital preservation and archiving 
• Metadata management, indexing support, and platform development 
• Administrative and publishing operations 

Editorial decisions are made independently of financial considerations. Payment of an APC does not influence editorial evaluation, peer review, acceptance, or publication decisions.

FMDB is committed to transparency regarding its publication fees, funding model, and editorial processes in accordance with the COPE Core Practices and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing.

Open Access and Readers

FMDB publishes all journals as fully Open Access. All published articles are freely and permanently available online immediately upon publication without subscription or access charges.

Readers may:

• Read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, and link to published articles without financial or technical barriers. 
• Reuse published content in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) licence. 
• Use published material for non-commercial purposes with appropriate attribution to the original authors and source. 
• Share adapted versions under the same Creative Commons licence (ShareAlike). 

There are no subscription fees for readers, libraries, or institutions.

Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs): Each published article is assigned a permanent Digital Object Identifier (DOI) through Crossref, providing a persistent, globally recognized identifier that facilitates reliable citation, discovery, and long-term accessibility of the scholarly record.

Digital Preservation: FMDB is committed to the long-term preservation of published scholarly content. All published articles are archived through Portico, a trusted digital preservation service, to ensure permanent accessibility and preservation of the scholarly record even in the event of technological or organizational changes.