Authors:
P. Srinivasan, K. Arulvendhan, Amal Babu

Addresses:
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Saveetha Engineering College, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram,  Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Abstract:

This paper introduces a novel method of voltage balancing in electric vehicle (EV) charging stations for a Clamped Neutral Point (CNP) converter and a split DC bus system. The heart of the system is the hybrid power supply, which integrates the utilisation of a photovoltaic (PV) energy source with a battery energy storage system (BESS). These sources are linked together in a buck-boost converter stage, which controls power transfer according to demand and generation, allowing for effective and secure energy management. The buck-boost converter plays a crucial role in dynamically controlling the voltage level to ensure compatibility in the face of load and input fluctuations. Its most significant characteristic is the use of the CNP converter to provide effective voltage balancing of the upper and lower capacitors on the split DC bus. Through mid-point voltage stabilisation, it alleviates a natural weakness of multi-level power conversion systems, thereby improving system robustness and the power quality supplied to the load. This is especially important in maintaining stable performance in EV charging applications whose voltage variations may impact battery life and charging efficiency. MATLAB/Simulink simulations confirm the system's ability to dynamically share power between the battery and the PV source, offering voltage symmetry across the DC link. 

Keywords: Neutral Point Clamp Converter; Energy Storage Management; Three-Level DC-DC Converter; Voltage Balance Management; Split DC-Bus; Battery Energy Storage System.

Received on: 02/07/2024, Revised on: 07/09/2024, Accepted on: 14/11/2024, Published on: 12/11/2025

DOI: 10.69888/FTSES.2025.000470

FMDB Transactions on Sustainable Energy Sequence, 2025 Vol. 3 No. 2, Pages: 74-83

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