Authors:
Mohammad Siddique, Zakiyyu Muhammad Sarkinbaka, Aminullah Zakariyyah Abdul, Muhammad Asif, Noureddine Elboughdiri 

Addresses:
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan. 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria. 3Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria. 4Department of Energy and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan. 5 Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia. siddiqnasar786@gmail.com1, zakiyyu@fuwukari.edu.ng2, aminullahzakari234@gmail.com3, engr.asif86@yahoo.com4, ghilaninouri@yahoo.fr5 

Abstract:

Waste-to-energy operations are gaining importance globally because of the expanding demand for low-cost energy sources. By lowering the need for landfills and producing electricity from municipal solid waste, these methods help Pakistan to manage its solid waste. Identifying and evaluating toxicological hazards associated with the principal air pollutants emitted throughout the WtE conversion process have been the main objectives of this investigation. The different types of solid waste and emission restrictions by country and state are directly tied to the standards for air quality and the steps required to eliminate such emissions. The technical and financial viability of WtE facilities is negatively impacted by Pakistan's wet solid waste percentage, which is much greater than its dry solid waste percentage. When garbage is not properly segregated, its heating value decreases dramatically, which is bad for pollution and electricity production. The text goes into great length on these issues related to solid waste management. In this review article, WtE plants in Pakistan are contrasted with those in other countries, particularly Europe. The article has discussed ways to lessen air pollution and the harmful effects of pollutants released by WtE plants on people's health. Environmental impact assessments have also been used to analyze the benefits and drawbacks of WtE facilities about more traditional methods of managing solid waste, such as landfills, which emphasizes the significance of the ongoing study.

Keywords: Solid Waste to Energy; Air Pollution; Environment; Landfill Leachates; Municipal Solid Wastes; Toxicological Hazards; Small Biomass Generation; Anaerobic Treatments.

Received on: 21/01/2023, Revised on: 07/03/2023, Accepted on: 09/05/2023, Published on: 10/08/2023

FMDB Transactions on Sustainable Energy Sequence, 2023 Vol. 1 No. 1, Pages: 38-48

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